A Comprehensive Review of Antireflection Coating Materials for Solar Cell Efficiency

Abstract

The efficiency of solar photovoltaic systems is significantly impacted by reflection losses at the top of the solar cells. In order to lower these losses and increase the efficiency of solar cells in converting light into electricity, anti-reflection coatings are crucial. An extensive examination of the most recent advancements in anti-reflective (AR) coating technology designed specifically for solar cells is given in this research article. The paper covers the mechanical, optical, and chemical characteristics of a number of materials, including silicon dioxide (SiO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium fluoride (MgF₂), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂). Also covers several nanocoating techniques in addition to single-layer and multi-layer coatings. Improved anti-reflective (AR) coatings are a result of developments in materials science and nanotechnology. Solar PV systems that have these coatings applied can function better and endure longer. This field also focuses on future research and development paths that could lead to more durable and efficient solar cells.