Effect of Clove Extract on the Histological Structure of the Kidneys in Swiss Mice

Abstract

Syzygium aromaticum is a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of conditions, but it can cause toxic effects at high doses. The study aims to effect the extract of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) about the histological architecture of the kidneys in Swiss mice (Mus musculus), which took 30 days. 24 mice were used and divided into four groups according to the dose of clove extract, each group includes 6 mice. The first group (the first control experiment group), The second group received an injection of 100 mg/kg per day of the extract, the third group received 200 mg/kg per day, and the fourth group received 300 mg/kg per day of the extract. The results of the examination of the histological sections of the kidneys of animals in the injected experimental group demonstrated the presence of several abnormal histopathological alterations, including the amplation of the Bauman space, glomerular contraction, degeneration and necrosis of the cells forming the urinary tubules, degeneration of glomerular cells and cells of the parietal layer of the capsule, and the presence of congestion in the blood vessels and the formation of a blood clot with an increase in the thickness of the vascular wall, and some cellular changes such as enlargement of nuclei, cell swelling, the occurrence of vascular degeneration and cytoplasmic degeneration with infiltration of inflammatory cells, in addition to the occurrence of vascular centered fibrosis, increased thickness with density of the glomerular basement membrane.