Heterogeneous farm systems and agricultural productivity in transition economies

Abstract

This dissertation examines how heterogeneous farm systems influence agricultural productivity in transition economies, drawing evidence from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Mongolia. It investigates the roles of agricultural extension services, crop diversification, and integrated crop management practices in improving farm performance. Using farm-level survey data and Latent Profile Analysis, Stochastic Frontier Analysis, and Endogenous Switching Regression, the study identifies distinct farm systems and evaluates differences in technical efficiency and productivity. The findings show that effective extension services enhance technical efficiency, diversified crop systems improve productivity under favourable conditions, and integrated crop management practices significantly increase both crop productivity and income. The dissertation highlights the importance of accounting for farm heterogeneity when designing agricultural policies and promoting sustainable productivity growth.