Dynamik anthropogen induzierter Landschaftsveränderungen im Bergbaufolgegebiet Teutschenthal-Bahnhof (Sachsen-Anhalt)

Abstract

Schwefel, D.; Gläßer, C.; Gläßer, W.: Dynamic of anthropogenically induced landscape changesof the former mining landscape Teutschenthal-Bahnhof (Saxony-Anhalt). - Hercynia N. F. 45 (2012):9 – 31.Landscape changes were reconstructed in the post-mining landscape Teutschenthal-Bahnhof by multitemporalmap and aerial photograph analysis. The studies of different landscape states contribute to therepresentation of usage-depending landscape changes. Six main phases of the landscape developmentfrom 1670 to 2011 were derived and presented cartographically. The influencing of land use and processesby earlier interventions are of particular importance. The study site is located about 15 km westto Halle (Saale). Subrosional processes caused the formation of the lake Weitzschke, which was draineddue to lignite mining activities. In the early 20th century the decline of the mining happened. At the sametime the advent of potash mining brought new economically impulses. In the period 1953 - 1982 potashmine tailings were dumped onto the post-lignite mining surface. Since the sixties of the last centurysaturated seepage water of the potash dump uses the underground mine adits, whereby saline springsflow into a morphological depression of the historical lake Weitzschke. A rich halophyte biotope withrare and endangered species rose in the Weitzschke wetland. The secondary salt marsh was officiallyprotected as nature reserve in 1976. Dynamic geochemical, pedological and biological processes likeplant succession, precipitation of gypsum terraces and efflorescence of evaporite minerals change thelandscape rapidly.Key words: lignite mining, potash dump, secondary salt marsh, cultural landscape, multitemporal analysis