Digital Reconstruction of Architectural Heritage through Virtual Reality : The Samarkand Aksaray Monument Case Study

Abstract

The use of digital technologies for the digitisation and virtual reconstruction of architectural heritage has gained global relevance. This paper presents the initial stage of a scientific and practical study aimed at digitally reconstructing the 15th century Aksaray Palace in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, and creating a virtual tour using virtual reality (VR) tools. The research analyses the preliminary results obtained in the field of cultural heritage. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the project uses 3D scanning and VR technologies to propose innovative and sustainable methods of preserving architectural heritage by digitising the monument and developing a reconstruction concept. The project's primary objective is to disseminate knowledge about the palace to a wider audience, integrating interdisciplinary perspectives from architecture, art, information technology, history and archaeology. The project was implemented in several stages. First, laser scanning was conducted to collect measurements, which were then processed to create a 3D model and virtual representation of Aksaray, reflecting its current state as well as the original decorative features of its interior. Based on historical, archival, and geometric analyses of ornaments, decorations, colours, and compositions, a step-bystep reconstruction model was prepared simultaneously.