Multivariate Statistical Analysis of the Drivers of Women’s Empowerment in Labor Market

Abstract

The current study seeks to explore the time series perspective of Indian women’s involvement in available work seasoned with other factors determined for their employment from 1991 to 2023. Using some sophisticated statistical techniques, such as Regression models, Principal Component Analysis and Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis, the research showed that the reduction of the number of deaths of children under the age of one year per 1000 live births has been a major contributing factor in the increase in the percentage of women participating in the labor force. In addition, economic advancement, maternal death rates, and life expectancy were also relevant in determining these trends. From 1991 to 1999, factors such as the lifetime risk of maternal mortality, the increasing number of women with lower levels of education participating, and changing economic conditions were critical in determining the extent of women’s labor force participation. From 2000 to 2009, more women graduates began to join the labor force as every society begun to change gradually. From 2010 to 2019, the growth of GNI per capita and increasing expansion in women participation in the labour force paid dividends. This research highlights the importance of continued socio-economic progress in promoting gender equality in employment.