Green Synthesis of Copper Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles from Ginkgo Biloba Extract and Study of their Activity on PC3 Cancer Cell Line

Abstract

This study presents a novel, cost-effective method for synthesizing Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 nanoparticles utilizing Ginkgo Biloba leaf extract. The approach integrates green chemistry, co-precipitation, and ultrasound techniques into a single methodology for nanoparticle preparation. The prepared nanoparticles underwent characterization through various techniques, including XRD, FT-IR, EDX, SEM, and DLS. While the average size noted in the XRD was 38.12 nm, the average particle size observed in the SEM was 103.60 nm. The average particle size measured by DLS was 196.3 nm. The efficacy of the synthesized Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 nanoparticles was evaluated against the pharmaceutical Flutamide, utilized in Iraq for the treatment of prostate cancer, on the PC3 cell line. The results demonstrated the exceptional efficacy and superiority of the produced nanoparticles compared to the administered medication. Their characterization included reduced cytotoxicity relative to the drug's toxicity on red blood cells during the toxicity screening test, where Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 exhibited cell killing rates of 37.68%, 47.75%, 63.38%, 87.07%, and 98.00%. results in 24 hours showed an IC50 value = 38.46; In contrast, Flutamide demonstrated cell-killing rates of 6.51%, 10.45%, 27.69%, 32.48%, and 52.53%and results showed an IC50 value of 296.8 at 24 hours too.