Simulation of the Creation of a Single Quantum Gate to Change the Quantum State of a Photon Using Quarter-Wave Plates

Abstract

The design and simulation of single Pauli gates and Hadamard gates were performed using MATLAB. The Pauli-X gate was constructed using two quarter-wave plates QWP and was evaluated on the quantum states |0⟩ and |1⟩. The Pauli-Y gate design used six quarter-wave plates QWP. When the gate function was tested on the quantum states |0⟩ and |1⟩, it was observed that the state |0⟩ transforms to i|1⟩, while the state |1⟩ transforms to -i|0⟩. The Pauli-Z gate was constructed using two quarter-wave plates in two ways and was tested on the quantum states |0⟩ and |1⟩; it was observed that the quantum state |0⟩ remained unchanged, while the quantum state |1⟩ transforms to |−1⟩ in both ways. Finally, improving the quantum interference by using two quarter-wave plates leads to obtaining a Hadamard gate, which transforms the input state or into a superposition state between and. Finally, we emphasize the importance of QWP in developing more efficient and effective quantum systems.